背景
This gene is one of several chemokine genes clustered on the q-arm of chromosome 17.
Chemokines form a superfamily of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and
inflammatory processes. The superfamily is divided into four subfamilies based on the
arrangement of the N-terminal cysteine residues of the mature peptide. This chemokine, a
member of the CC subfamily, functions as a chemoattractant for blood monocytes, memory
T helper cells and eosinophils. It causes the release of histamine from basophils and
activates eosinophils. This cytokine is one of the major HIV-suppressive factors produced by
CD8+ cells. It functions as one of the natural ligands for the chemokine receptor chemokine
(C-C motif) receptor 5 (CCR5), and it suppresses in vitro replication of the R5 strains of
HIV-1, which use CCR5 as a coreceptor. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript
variants that encode different isoforms.
