背景
Thymidylate synthase catalyzes the methylation of deoxyuridylate to deoxythymidylate
using, 10-methylenetetrahydrofolate (methylene-THF) as a cofactor. This function maintains
the dTMP (thymidine-5-prime monophosphate) pool critical for DNA replication and repair.
The enzyme has been of interest as a target for cancer chemotherapeutic agents. It is
considered to be the primary site of action for 5-fluorouracil, 5-fluoro-2-prime-deoxyuridine,
and some folate analogs. Expression of this gene and that of a naturally occurring antisense
transcript, mitochondrial enolase superfamily member 1 (GeneID:55556), vary inversely
when cell-growth progresses from late-log to plateau phase. Polymorphisms in this gene
may be associated with etiology of neoplasia, including breast cancer, and response to
chemotherapy
